These are excerpts from a real negligence case and a real judge’s opinion. Cordas is, by far, the single best case we’ve read all year.
It appears that a man, whose identity it would be indelicate to divulge was feloniously relieved of his portable goods by two nondescript highwaymen in an alley near 26th Street and Third Avenue, Manhattan; they induced him to relinquish his possessions by a strong argument ad hominem couched in the convincing cant of the criminal and pressed at the point of a most pursuasive pistol. Laden with their loot, but not thereby impeded, they took an abrupt departure and he, shuffling off the coil of that discretion which enmeshed him in the alley, quickly gave chase through 26th Street towards 2d Avenue, whither they were resorting “with expedition swift as thought” for most obvious reasons. Somewhere on that thoroughfare of escape they indulged the stratagem of separation ostensibly to disconcert their pursuer and allay the ardor of his pursuit. He then centered on for capture the man with the pistol whom he saw board defendant’s taxicab …
…
The chauffeur’s [cabbie’s] story is substantially the same except that he states that his uninvited guest boarded the cab at 25th Street while it was at a standstill waiting for a less colorful fare; that his ‘passenger’ immediately advised him ‘to stand not upon the order of his going but to go at once’ and added finality to his command by an appropriate gesture with a pistol addressed to his sacro iliac. The chauffeur in reluctant acquiescence proceeded about fifteen feet, when his hair, like unto the quills of the fretful porcupine, was made to stand on end by the hue and cry of the man despoiled accompanied by a clamourous concourse of the law-abiding which paced him as he ran; the concatenation of ‘stop thief’, to which the patter of persistent feet did maddingly beat time, rang in his ears as the pursuing posse all the while gained on the receding cab with its quarry therein contained. The hold-up man sensing his insecurity suggested to the chauffeur that in the event there was the slightest lapse in obedience to his curt command that he, the chauffeur, would suffer the loss of his brains, a prospect as horrible to an humble chauffeur as it undoubtedly would be to one of the intelligentsia. The chauffeur apprehensive of certain dissolution from either Scylla, the pursuers, or Charybdis, the pursued, quickly threw his car out of first speed in which he was proceeding, pulled on the emergency, jammed on his brakes and, although he thinks the motor was still running, swung open the door to his left and jumped out of his car.
… [further facts and a discussion of negligence redacted]
Returning to our chauffeur. If the philosophic Horatio and the martial companions of his watch were ‘distilled almost to jelly with the act of fear’ when they beheld ‘in the dead vast and middle of the night’ the disembodied spirit of Hamlet’s father stalk majestically by ‘with a countenance more in sorrow than in anger’ was not the chauffeur, though unacquainted with the example of these eminent men-at-arms, more amply justified in his fearsome reactions when he was more palpably confronted by a thing of flesh and blood bearing in its hand an engine of destruction which depended for its lethal purpose upon the quiver of a hair? [rest of the opinion redacted]
The whole text of the case is available on-line as part of a rather amusing collection of odd & whacky cases, including the complete text of U.S. v. Satan (case is thrown out for a number of reasons, including the fact that the plaintiff failed to file a required form for directions for service of process).
Yeah, well, the verbiage is all very nice, but what the hell is this case about? Why is the cab company charged with negligence? Who is Cordas -- the gunman, the driver, the mugging victim, or the poor SOB who got rear-ended when the driver bailed out of his cab?
Short form:
The guy who got mugged (the muggee?) chased his muggers east on 26th St. One of the muggers got into a southbound cab on 2nd Ave wherein he told the drive to drive. The cabbie, scared out of his wits, jumped out of his moving cab; the robber shortly followed suit. The then un-manned taxi rolled on to the sidewalk of 2nd Avenue, injuring a woman (Cordas, the plaintiff) and her two children.
The alleged cause of action was that the cabbie was negligent in jumping out of a moving vehicle that he was putatively in control of; the court found that he was unable to exercise the standard of reasonable care due to the large gun pointed at his head and thus was not negligent. It's also known as the emergency exemption.
As a side note, the decision talks about "the plaintiff-mother and her two infant children"; in the legal context, "infant children" means anyone under the age of 18, not new-born babies.
Well, there you go, then. Much obliged.
Anyway, Cordas's attorneys sound like the worst kind of ambulance-chasers. I guess that's the business.
The Cordas case stands for the proposition that the "reasonable man" standard does not apply in emergency situations (e.g., a guy with a gun).